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当代中国各种制度化的权益救济途径失效,使得作为辅助政制的信访制度时常僭越核心政制,成为失地农民权益救济的主要途径。其根本原因在于压力型体制下,从权力来源到政策实施,都违背了制度设计的初衷,导致功能错位。其解决惟有正本清源、补充匡救,纠正制度运行的错乱,厘清和改变信访的功能定位,改变压力型体制,赋予农民政治参与的能力,实现权力转置。
The institutionalization of rights and interests relief in contemporary China lapsed, making the petition system as an auxiliary political system often overstepped the core political system and became the main way to relieve the rights and interests of landless farmers. The fundamental reason lies in the pressure-type system, from the source of power to the implementation of policies, are contrary to the original intention of system design, leading to functional dislocation. It resolves the confusion of the original source only, the supplementary rescue, the correction of the system operation, the clarification and change of the functional orientation of letters and visits, the transformation of the pressure-type system, the ability of peasants to give political participation, and the transfer of power.