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用病例对照组研究探讨了急性丙型和戊型肝炎可能的危险因素。选择单纯丙型肝炎１４例、戊型肝炎１３例作为病例组，非肝病的住院和门诊患者７５例作为对照组。发现单因素乙型肝炎既往史（ＯＲ＝２５５．３６）、肌肉注射史（ＯＲ＝１３．３３）、静脉注射史（ＯＲ＝６０４．８８）、输血史（ＯＲ＝２５５．３６）、不洁饮食史（ＯＲ＝２１．８２）为ＨＣＶ感染的危险因素，“甲型肝炎”接触史（ＯＲ＝２２．２０）、旅行史（ＯＲ＝５．４６）为戊型肝炎的危险因素。Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析表明丙肝静脉注射史（ＯＲ＝２３９８．２６）和不洁饮食史（经常ＯＲ＝４６．９６；偶尔ＯＲ＝２８．９０）有关。戊肝与“甲肝”病人接触史（ＯＲ＝１２．８５）、肌肉注射史（ＯＲ＝２７．８８）和旅行史（ＯＲ＝１１．７８）有关。结果表明，医源性感染是散发性丙肝发生的最主要的危险因素；戊肝的危险因素，除胃肠途径外，医源性血源暴露史尚不能除外。
A case-control study was conducted to investigate the possible risk factors for acute hepatitis C and E hepatitis. Select simple Hepatitis C in 14 cases, hepatitis E in 13 cases as a case group, non-liver disease inpatients and outpatients 75 cases as a control group. Previous history of univariate hepatitis B (OR = 255.36), history of intramuscular injection (OR = 13.33), history of intravenous injection (OR = 604.88), history of transfusion (OR = 255.36) Dietary history (OR = 21.82) was a risk factor for HCV infection. Hepatitis A exposure history (OR = 22.20) and travel history (OR = 5.46) were risk factors for hepatitis E infection. Logistic regression analysis showed a history of IV hepatic vein injections (OR = 2398.26) and an unclean diet history (OR = 46.96 often; OR = 28.90 occasionally). Hepatitis E was associated with history of hepatitis A (OR = 12.85), history of intramuscular injection (OR = 27.88) and travel history (OR = 11.78). The results showed that iatrogenic infection is the most important risk factor for sporadic hepatitis C. The risk factors of hepatitis E, except the gastrointestinal route, can not be excluded except for the history of iatrogenic blood exposure.