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近年来,随着高职院校数量的不断增加、职业教育改革的不断深入,我国高职招生改革的力度在不断加大,高职招生制度发生一系列改革和变迁。用制度经济学中的制度变迁理论对国内高职招生制度的变迁进行梳理并予以解释。从制度需求因素来看,生源不断减少、院校竞争激烈;从制度供给因素来看,国家对高考和高职的认识不断深入,这两方面的因素共同作用催生制度改革。据此提出建议:一方面,政府应当审慎地推行高职招生制度改革;另一方面,高职院校也要尽快适应高职医护专业招生制度改革。
In recent years, with the continuous increase of the number of higher vocational colleges and the continuous deepening of the reform of vocational education, the reform of higher vocational enrollment in our country continues to increase, and a series of reforms and changes have taken place in the system of higher vocational enrollment. Using the theory of institutional change in institutional economics to sort out and explain the changes of domestic higher vocational enrollment system. Judging from the institutional demand factors, the source of students is decreasing and the competition among colleges and universities is fierce. From the perspective of system supply, the state’s understanding of college entrance examination and higher vocational education is deepening. Both of these factors contribute to the reform of the system. Based on this, suggestions are put forward: On the one hand, the government should prudently promote the reform of higher vocational enrollment system; on the other hand, higher vocational colleges should adapt to the reform of higher vocational nursing enrollment system as soon as possible.