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1、在北京地区,小麦平均亩产600斤上下在有灌溉条件下,每亩全生长期总收入水量达464毫米,每亩总支出水量达526毫米,土壤水量差额为-62毫米。2、土壤水量差额随小麦生育阶段有很大变化,在人工灌溉条件下,播种到越冬始期为-18毫米,越冬期为31毫米,返青到拔节期为14毫米,拔节到抽穗期为-37毫米,抽穗到成熟期为-52毫米。3、在北京条件下,大气降水是小麦需水的主要来源,也是土壤水量平衡收入项的主要因子,但因生长期降水量小,变率大,对小麦生产颇有影响,必须进行人工灌溉。4、在灌溉条件下,小麦生育期总蒸发量为518毫米,其中植株蒸腾量为347毫米,棵间土壤蒸发量为171毫米,两者之比2:1。
1. In Beijing, the average yield of wheat is 600 kg. Under the condition of irrigation, the total amount of water per acre during the whole growth period is 464 mm, the total expenditure per acre is 526 mm, and the difference between soil and water is -62 mm. Under the conditions of artificial irrigation, the initial period of winter sowing was -18 mm, the wintering period was 31 mm, the rejuvenation to jointing stage was 14 mm, and the time from jointing to heading was -37 Mm, heading to maturity of -52 mm. Under the conditions of Beijing, precipitation is the main source of wheat water demand and also the main factor for the balanced income of soil water. However, because of the small amount of precipitation and large rate of variability during the growth period, it has an impact on wheat production and must be manually irrigated . Under irrigation conditions, the total amount of wheat during the growth period was 518 mm, of which the plant transpiration was 347 mm and the amount of soil evaporation was 171 mm, the ratio of the two was 2: 1.