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对大兴安岭北部7个代表性森林群落土壤动物进行调查,共捕获湿生土壤动物20216只,大、中小型土壤动物87类,19577只,隶属于4门9纲23目66科。大、中小型土壤动物的优势类群为螨类和节跳虫科,常见类群4类,两者占总捕获量的92.22%。各群落土壤动物的数量和种类组成有一定差异,其中杨落Ⅱ和白桦Ⅲ的数量和种类最多,柳草Ⅶ最少。7个群落共有类群23类,共优类群为螨类中的前气门亚目和中气门亚目,共有的常见类群2类:山跳虫科和线蚓科。7个群落间相似程度均较大,大多为中等相似。各群落土壤动物数量和种类在土壤各层的垂直分布上具有明显表聚性。在多样性分析中,各群落多样性指数H′大小为柳草Ⅶ>白桦Ⅲ>杨落Ⅱ>落沼Ⅳ>樟子松Ⅵ>桦杜Ⅰ>蒙古栎Ⅴ。大部分群落多样性指数的动态变化是8月>6月>10月。
A total of 20216 wetland soil animal species, 87 large and medium-sized soil animal species, of which 19,577 were found, belonging to 4 classes, 9 classes, 23 orders and 66 families. The soil fauna of seven representative forest communities in the northern part of the Greater Hinggan Mountains were investigated. The dominant groups of macro-and macro-scale soil animals were mites and arthropods, with 4 common groups, accounting for 92.22% of the total catch. There were some differences in the quantity and species composition of soil fauna in each community, among them, the number and species of Yangluo Ⅱ and Betula bungeana Ⅲ were the most, while that of Liu grass Ⅶ was the least. There were altogether 23 taxa in 7 communities, with the most excellent taxa belonging to the order of pre-valve and mesocotyl in the mites, and the common common taxa in 2 categories were the order of the order Bombycis and the Lepidoptera. The similarities among the seven communities were large, mostly similar to each other. The numbers and types of soil fauna in each community showed obvious epicenters on the vertical distribution of soil layers. In the diversity analysis, the diversity index H ’of each community was Liucao VII> Baihua Ⅲ> Yangluo Ⅱ> Biogas Ⅳ> Pinus sylvestris Ⅵ> Betula i> Mongolian oak Ⅴ. The dynamic changes of most community diversity indices are August> June> October.