论文部分内容阅读
目的：:了解中国县级及以上医疗机构防盲工作的开展情况，为“十四五”时期中国防盲治盲和眼健康水平的全面提升提供参考依据。方法：:横断面调查研究。2015年对全国提供眼科服务的县级及以上医疗机构通过网上填报的方式进行普查，对中国不同地区、级别、类型和经营性质的医疗机构防盲工作情况进行对比统计分析。应用卡方检验对数据进行分析比较。结果：:本次调查覆盖全国6 341家县级及以上医疗机构，东、中、西部地区均有半数医疗机构开展防盲治盲项目，77.09%的机构开展爱眼科普宣教活动，基层公益眼病筛查义诊和咨询活动的开展率超过半数。东部地区开展各项防盲活动的医疗机构绝对数量最多，但相对数量最低，医疗机构是否开展防盲治盲项目在地区分布上差异存在统计学意义（n χ2=42.587，n P<0.001）。三级医疗机构、眼科专科医院防盲治盲活动的开展率最高。不同类型医疗机构在是否开展爱眼科普宣教活动上差异有统计学意义（n χ2=89.041，n P<0.001）。相比公立和营利性医疗机构，私营性医疗机构的基层平均服务次数和服务受众人次最高。n 结论：:中国医疗机构防盲治盲总体服务量偏低，机构间差距明显，防盲工作模式亟待创新发展。“,”Objective::To assess work on the prevention of blindness conducted by medical institutions at the county level and higher levels in China, and to provide a basis for the development of blindness prevention and treatment as well as eye care work at the 14th Five Year Plan Period.Methods::This was a cross-sectional research. All medical institutions at the county level and above providing ophthalmic services were surveyed by online reporting in the year 2015. Descriptive statistics was used for data collection and statistical analysis on the work for the prevention of blindness conducted by medical institutions were divided by region, level, type and ownership. Data comparisons for conduction rate were performed using a chi square test.Results::Among 6 341 medical institutions surveyed, half of them conducted projects for the prevention of blindness, 77.09% of hospitals carried out activities for eye care, and the rate for participating eye disease screening and consultation was above the half. The absolute quantity of medical institutions implementing a variety of activities for the prevention of blindness was highest in the East, while the relative quantity was the lowest there. It varied significantly in regional distribution for hospitals implementing projects for the prevention of blindness (n χ2=42.587, n P<0.001). The launching rates for blindness-prevention activities by medical institutions were high in those at the tertiary level and ophthalmic hospitals. Compared to public and for-profit hospitals, average service quantity and serving population were the highest in private hospitals.n Conclusions::Overall, service provided by medical institutions is low in blindness prevention and treatment. There is a significant gap among hospitals. The work for the prevention and treatment of blindness urgently needs innovation and development.