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政治制度的建立与本国的传统文化密切相关。古代中国的政治制度与植根于农耕文明的儒家文化达成精妙的耦合,形成了“其表在政、其里在学”的政教一体化体系,科举制度的创立加强了传统政治制度的内部整合力。进入近代,在西方近代文明的强大冲击面前,儒家文化因缺乏自我更新的机制而日益保守衰落。缺乏文化价值核心的传统政治制度面对西方宪政思想的逐次传入而产生了抵牾,并引发从洋务派、维新派、立宪派革命派关于政体思想的嬗变。中国政治制度转型仍在艰难继续,其成功转型的关键在于的新的文化价值体系的构建。
The establishment of the political system is closely related to its own traditional culture. The ancient Chinese political system and the Confucianism culture rooted in the farming civilization reached an exquisite coupling, forming a system of integration of politics and religion, which established the imperial examination system and strengthened the internal structure of the traditional political system Integration. Into the modern times, in the face of the powerful impact of modern Western civilization, the Confucian culture has become increasingly conservative and declining due to a lack of self-renewal mechanism. The traditional political system lacking the core value of culture produced opposition to the successive introduction of the western constitutionalism and triggered the evolution of the thinking of the political system from the Western powers, the reformers and the constitutionalists. The transformation of China’s political system is still difficult to continue, the key to its successful transformation lies in the construction of a new cultural value system.