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目的分析2006—2009年武汉市汉阳区重点人群HIV抗体检测结果,探讨防控策略。方法采集血液标本用ELISA法初筛,阳性者做实验室确认,同时对感染者进行流行病学分析。结果 2006—2009年共检测各类重点人群血清10 331份,确认HIV抗体阳性56例(0.54%),感染多为输入性。高危人群HIV检出率由高到低依次为男男同性恋、VCT门诊、戒毒场所、性病门诊、看守所及娱乐场所(χ2=123.702,P=0.000)。感染者性别比5.22∶1,50岁以下占87.5%,有98.2%的感染者无固定工作,初中以下文化占90%以上。吸毒与性接触仍是感染的主要途径,其中看守所、戒毒所、性病门诊和VCT感染者主要通过注射吸毒传播;娱乐场所与同性恋聚集地则以性接触为主要传播途径。结论汉阳区艾滋病感染的主要途径是吸毒与性接触,同性间传播的速度上升明显,属艾滋病低流行区,防控形势严峻。艾滋病控制是一项长期任务,要充分利用社会现有资源,发挥社区力量,与民众最根本的利益联系起来,同时借鉴各地经验将防治工作落到实处。
Objective To analyze the HIV antibody test results among key population in Hanyang District of Wuhan City from 2006 to 2009 and discuss the strategy of prevention and control. Methods Blood samples were collected by ELISA. The positive samples were confirmed by laboratory tests, and the epidemiological analysis was performed on infected patients. Results A total of 10 331 serum samples were collected from all kinds of key population in 2006-2009. 56 cases (0.54%) were confirmed positive for HIV antibody. Most infections were imported. High-risk groups of HIV detection rates from high to low in turn were gay men, VCT clinics, drug treatment centers, STD clinics, detention centers and places of entertainment (χ2 = 123.702, P = 0.000). The sex ratio of infected persons was 5.22:1, accounting for 87.5% of those under 50 years of age. There were 98.2% of those infected without any fixed work, and the junior middle school or below accounted for more than 90%. Drug abuse and sexual contact are still the main ways of infection. Among them, detention center, detoxification center, STD clinic and VCT are mainly used for drug abuse transmission; entertainment and homosexuality are mainly for sexual contact. Conclusion The main path of HIV infection in Hanyang District is drug abuse and sexual contact. The rate of transmission between same-sex people increases significantly, which is a low-prevalence area of AIDS. The prevention and control situation is grim. AIDS control is a long-term task. We must make full use of the existing resources in the community, give play to the strengths of the community and connect with the most fundamental interests of the people. At the same time, we should learn from the experience of other places to put prevention and control work into effect.