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目的评价短期气候变化对于人类健康的影响。方法搜集1985-2010年中国城市7~18岁青少年学生肺活量数据以及1967-2009年中国城市年平均气温、年降水量、年平均相对湿度、年平均风速、年日照时数等5项气候数据。分析5项气候数据的时间序列变化,肺活量的时间序列及空间变化,并利用相关分析探索两者之间的关系。结果中国城市年平均气温呈现显著增长趋势,而年平均相对湿度、年平均风速和年日照时数则为显著降低趋势,降水量上升趋势不明显。随着时间变化,青少年肺活量大致呈现逐年降低的趋势,在空间上则表现为北高南低的肺活量逐次增长率。结论气候变化更易影响高年龄段学生的肺活量,肺活量与平均气温、降水量、相对湿度呈现显著的负相关,而与日照时数、风速呈现显著的正相关关系。
Objective To evaluate the impact of short-term climate change on human health. Methods The data of vital capacity of adolescents between the ages of 7 and 18 in China from 1985 to 2010 were collected and five climatic data of annual average temperature, annual precipitation, annual average relative humidity, annual mean wind speed and sunshine hours in China from 1967 to 2009 were collected. The time series of five climate data, the time series and spatial changes of vital capacity were analyzed, and the correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between them. Results The average annual temperature in Chinese cities showed a significant growth trend, while the annual average relative humidity, annual average wind speed and annual sunshine hours were significantly decreased, and the upward trend in precipitation was not obvious. With the change of time, young people’s lung capacity shows a trend of decreasing year by year, and spatially showing the successive growth rate of lung capacity of North High South. Conclusions Climate change is more likely to affect the vital capacity of students of higher age. The vital capacity is significantly negatively correlated with the average temperature, precipitation and relative humidity, but positively correlated with sunshine duration and wind speed.