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1 厄尔尼诺现象及其形成原因 1.1 厄尔尼诺一词源于西班牙(Elnino),原意是“圣婴”,最初用来表示每年圣诞节前后沿厄瓜多尔海岸出现的一支微弱且向南移的暖海流。后来科学上用此词表示在南美秘鲁和厄瓜多尔附近尺度为数千Km热带东太平洋(20°N-20°S)最上层(深度为100m-400m)海水温度异常增暖现象(高于正常年分1-6℃),国际气象学界和海洋学界公认:如果海水温度升高0.5℃以上,时间持续半年,就是发生了厄尔尼诺现象。厄尔尼诺现象全过程一般可分为发生
1 El Niño Phenomenon and Its Causes 1.1 The term El Niño originated in Elnino and was originally intended as “El Infinio” and was originally used to refer to a weak and southward-moving warm current that occurred along the Ecuadorian coast before and after Christmas. It was later used scientifically to refer to the anomalous warming of the seawater temperature in the uppermost scale (depths of 100m-400m) on the tropical eastern Pacific (20 ° N-20 ° S) of several thousand Km near Peru, South America and Peru, and Ecuador (above normal Points 1-6 ℃), the international meteorology and oceanography recognized: If the sea water temperature above 0.5 ℃, the time lasted six months, is the occurrence of El Niño phenomenon. El Niño phenomenon can be divided into the whole process occurs