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地点:挪威大城市Baerum和奥斯陆。目的:调查对1987-1995年的难民作结核病筛查的有效性,描述该人群入境后的结核病发病率。方法:对登记的19912名难民作回顾性队列研究,平均随访时间为6.3年。结果:76人被诊断为结核病,其中43人(57%)为肺结核。22名结核病人(17名肺结核病人)是在入境筛查中发现的。11人团体X线缩影(MMRs)检查异常,但是由于随访不力,在后来的被动病人发现中诊断出来。对入境1年内诊断的肺结核,MMR的灵敏度为96%,特异度为98%。入境时,结核病的患病率为110/100000;索马里难民为577/100000。入境后,整个队列的发病率保持稳定,索马里难民的肺外结核发病率呈现增长趋势。结论:应该继续在入境时对难民作筛查,但是对于MMRs异常者的随访必须加强。应该进一步加强对潜伏感染的治疗。
Location: Norwegian metropolitan Baerum and Oslo. Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of tuberculosis screening of refugees from 1987 to 1995 and to describe the incidence of tuberculosis after entry into the population. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 19912 registered refugees was conducted with an average follow-up of 6.3 years. Results: Sixty-six people were diagnosed with tuberculosis, of whom 43 (57%) were tuberculosis. Twenty-two TB patients (17 tuberculosis patients) were found during entry screening. Eleven individuals underwent X-ray miniature (MMRs) examinations that were abnormal, but were diagnosed later in passive patient findings due to poor follow-up. MMR had a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 98% for tuberculosis diagnosed within 1 year of entry. At entry, the prevalence of tuberculosis was 110/100000; Somali refugees were 577/100000. After entry, the overall cohort’s incidence remained stable, and the incidence of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in Somali refugees showed a rising trend. Conclusion: Refugees should continue to be screened upon arrival, but follow-up to those with abnormal MMRs must be strengthened. The treatment of latent infection should be further strengthened.