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目的评估重庆市璧山县制鞋企业职业卫生现况,提出监管建议。方法对制鞋企业劳动者近5年参加职业健康检查的结果进行统计,并对相关企业的作业场所空气中苯及苯系物检测数据进行分析。结果制鞋业劳动者职业健康整体状况不佳,2008年劳动者职业健康检查合格率最高,为83.99%;2012年合格率最低,为75.04%。劳动者职业健康检查以上岗前和在岗期间检查为主,离岗时检查几乎为零。作业场所中职业病危害因素(苯及其苯系物)检测合格率均不高,主要为苯超标。2012年检测合格率最高(61.70%),2010年检测合格率最低(17.81%)。结论该县制鞋业职业病防治形势严峻,职业病危害因素控制不力,应着力提高作业场所的职业卫生防护水平。
Objective To evaluate the occupational health status of shoe-making enterprises in Bishan County, Chongqing, and to put forward supervisory suggestions. Methods The statistics of the results of occupational health examination in laborer of shoe-making enterprise in recent 5 years were analyzed, and the detection data of benzene and benzene series in the air of work place of relevant enterprises were analyzed. Results As a result, the occupational health status of workers in footwear industry was poor. In 2008, the occupational health examination rate among laborers was the highest, reaching 83.99%; the lowest in 2012 was 75.04%. Employee occupational health examination to pre-job and during the post-inspection, leave almost no check. Occupational hazards in the workplace (benzene and its benzene compounds) test pass rate is not high, mainly benzene exceeded. The highest pass rate in 2012 (61.70%) and the lowest passing rate in 2010 (17.81%). Conclusion The county shoe occupational disease prevention and control situation is grim, occupational disease hazards control is weak, should strive to improve workplace occupational health protection level.