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目的对经腹绒毛活检在产前诊断中的应用分析。方法选择2010年1月至2011年12月在我院产检门诊就诊有产前诊断指征的单胎孕妇44例,经知情同意后行经腹绒毛活检,同时选择同时期有产前诊断指征的行脐静脉穿刺的单胎孕妇50例进行比较,分别计算其手术成功率及妊娠丢失率。结果 44例经腹绒毛活检术的孕妇中,检查出染色体异常4例,一例18-三体,2例21-三体,1例45,XO,重型α地贫5例,均引产。其中1例术后3天胎死宫内,染色体确诊为21-三体。其余追踪观察至分娩,无出现胎盘血肿、胎盘剥离、阴道流血、胎儿结构畸形等,手术成功率100%,妊娠丢失率为2.27%,与同期经腹脐静脉穿刺术相比,P>0.05,差异无统计学意义,尚不能认为两种方法的手术成功率及妊娠丢失率不等。但脐静脉穿刺一般需要在妊娠22w后进行,故经腹绒毛活检能在早期及时发现,减少孕妇的情感和心理压力。结论孕早期绒毛活检术具有早诊断、准确性高、并发症少的优点,是一种安全、准确可靠的产前诊断技术。
Objective To analyze the application of transabdominal villi biopsy in prenatal diagnosis. Methods Forty-four singleton pregnant women with prenatal diagnosis indications from January 2010 to December 2011 in our hospital were selected. Transvaginal villi biopsy was performed after informed consent. At the same time, 44 cases of single-fetus with prenatal diagnosis indications 50 cases of singleton umbilical vein puncture pregnant women were compared, respectively, the success rate of surgery and pregnancy loss were calculated. Results Among 44 pregnant women who underwent abdominal villus biopsy, 4 cases of chromosomal abnormalities were detected. One case of 18-trisomy, 2 cases of 21-trisomy, 1 case of 45 cases of XO and 5 cases of severe α-thalassemia were induced. One case of intrauterine fetal death 3 days after surgery, the chromosome was diagnosed as 21-trisomy. The remaining follow-up observation to delivery, no placental hematoma, placental abruption, vaginal bleeding, fetal structural malformations, the success rate of 100%, the pregnancy loss rate was 2.27%, compared with the same period of transabdominal umbilical venipuncture, P> 0.05, The difference was not statistically significant, it can not yet be considered that the two methods of surgical success rate and pregnancy loss rate range. However, umbilical vein puncture generally need to be carried out after 22 weeks of pregnancy, so the transabdominal villi biopsy can be found in an early manner to reduce the emotional and psychological stress in pregnant women. Conclusion Villus biopsy in early pregnancy has the advantages of early diagnosis, high accuracy and few complications. It is a safe, accurate and reliable prenatal diagnosis technique.