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以甘肃武威设施菜地为对象,采用amoA基因末端限制性片段多态性分析(PCR-TRFLP)技术与实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)相结合的方法,研究了不同施肥处理下土壤中氨氧化细菌群落组成和丰度的变化。结果表明:设施菜地中氨氧化细菌的优势种群均为Nitrosospira cluster 3属,亦含有少量Nitrosomanas cluster 7属。定量PCR分析发现在当地农民习惯施肥用量一半的处理下(1/2MNPK),0~20cm和20~40cm土层中氨氧化细菌的丰度最大值分别为每克干土9.95×107、6.65×107拷贝数,比不施肥处理增加了105.0%和315.3%。施肥类型、土壤层次均是导致氨氧化细菌群落结构和丰度变化的重要因素。研究结果对进一步探讨设施栽培条件下氨氧化细菌的功能、环境适应机理及其在土壤氮素循环中的作用等,均具有较大的参考意义。
Taking the vegetable field in Wuwei of Gansu as an example, the PCR-TRFLP technique was used to analyze the effects of different fertilization treatments on the soil under different fertilization treatments Ammonia oxidizing bacterial community composition and abundance changes. The results showed that all the dominant species of ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the vegetable garden were Nitrosospira cluster 3 genera and also a few Nitrosomanas cluster genera. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that the maximal abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the soil layers of 0 ~ 20cm and 20 ~ 40cm were 9.95 × 107,6.65 × 107 copies, an increase of 105.0% and 315.3% compared with non-fertilization treatment. Fertilization types and soil layers are both important factors that lead to the change of ammoxidation bacteria community structure and abundance. The research results have great reference significance to further explore the function of ammonia oxidizing bacteria, environmental adaptation mechanism and its role in soil nitrogen cycling under the condition of facility cultivation.