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目的了解北京市朝阳区中小学生营养情况,为营养不良、超重及肥胖综合防治工作提供依据。方法对北京市朝阳区12所监测点校(包括小学5所,中学5所,职业中学2所)10661名在校中小学生进行身高和体重测量,同时收集营养状况资料。体重低于1985年全国体质调研确定的7～22岁身高标准体重值的90%为判定为营养不良。依据《中国学生超重、肥胖BMI筛查标准》判定超重和肥胖。结果 12所点校营养不良患病率为17.70%,超重患病率为12.48%,肥胖患病率为21.27%。女生营养不良患病率高于男生,男生超重和肥胖患病率高于女生,营养不良和营养过剩患病率随年级上升而增高。与2006年12所监测点校中小学生营养状况比较,学生营养不良率和超重率有所下降,但肥胖率明显上升。结论朝阳区12所学校的中小学生营养不良、营养过剩的患病率都处于较高水平,且与性别和年级有关,今后应有针对性地采取措施加以改善。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in Chaoyang District of Beijing and to provide basis for the comprehensive prevention and control of malnutrition, overweight and obesity. Methods The height and weight of 10 661 primary and secondary school students in 12 monitoring schools (including 5 primary schools, 5 middle schools and 2 vocational secondary schools) in Chaoyang District of Beijing were surveyed, and their nutritional status data were collected. The body weight was lower than 90% of the height standard body weight of 7-22 years determined by the national physical survey in 1985 as malnutrition. According to “Chinese students overweight, obesity BMI screening criteria” to determine overweight and obesity. Results The prevalence of malnutrition in the 12 schools was 17.70%, the prevalence of overweight was 12.48%, and the prevalence of obesity was 21.27%. The prevalence of malnutrition among girls is higher than that of boys, and the prevalence of overweight and obesity among boys is higher than that of girls. The prevalence of malnutrition and overnutrition increases with the grade. Compared with the nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in 12 schools monitored in 2006, malnutrition rates and overweight rates of students dropped, but obesity rates increased significantly. Conclusions The prevalence of malnutrition and overnutrition among primary and secondary school students in 12 schools in Chaoyang District are all at a high level, which are related to gender and grade. In the future, measures should be taken to improve them.