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目的探讨慢性支气管炎患者接种流感疫苗和肺炎疫苗与单一接种流感疫苗、肺炎疫苗的效果。方法回顾分析2011年9~11月在十堰市张湾区接种点65岁以上患有慢性支气管炎的患者270例,对比分析同年接种流感疫苗和肺炎疫苗与单一接种流感疫苗、肺炎疫苗各90例。接种后1年内观察3组人群减少就诊和住院的情况。结果接种流感疫苗和肺炎疫苗组较单一接种1种疫苗组发病率及住院率均降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。接种流感疫苗和肺炎疫苗组比上年同期减少就诊率68.89%、减少住院率57.78%。接种2种疫苗组比接种流感疫苗组减少就诊率降低37.78%、减少住院率降低30.00%;比接种肺炎疫苗组减少就诊率降低31.11%,减少住院率降低24.45%。结论慢性支气管炎患者接种流感和肺炎2种疫苗较单一接种1种疫苗就诊率及住院率低,对预防慢性支气管炎发病有很好的预防作用。
Objective To investigate the effects of influenza vaccination and pneumonia vaccination and single vaccination against influenza and pneumonia in chronic bronchitis patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on 270 patients with chronic bronchitis over the age of 65 who were vaccinated in Zhangwan District of Shiyan City from September to November 2011. A total of 270 influenza vaccines, pneumococcal vaccination and single influenza vaccination were administered in the same year. . Within one year after inoculation, three groups of patients were observed to reduce the number of visits and inpatient visits. Results The incidence of influenza vaccine and pneumonia vaccine group were lower than those of single vaccination group and vaccination group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Compared with the same period of last year, vaccination with influenza vaccine and pneumonia vaccine reduced the visiting rate by 68.89% and reduced the hospitalization rate by 57.78%. Compared with the vaccination group, the vaccination rate of influenza vaccination group decreased by 37.78% and the hospitalization rate decreased by 30.00% compared with the vaccination group. The vaccination rate was reduced by 31.11% and the hospitalization rate was reduced by 24.45% compared with the vaccinated group. Conclusions The two kinds of vaccination against influenza and pneumonia in patients with chronic bronchitis are more effective than prophylactic in preventing the incidence of chronic bronchitis.