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经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC/CVC)为肿瘤患者提供了可靠静脉通路,极大的保护了肿瘤患者血管,减少化疗药物外渗带给患者伤害。而在导管留置过程中,导管堵塞是PICC/CVC最常见的并发症之一,是指留置血管内的导管部分或完全堵塞,导致液体或药液的输注受阻或受限,表现为液体滴速减慢或滴注停止,无法抽出静脉回血或冲管有阻力。其中有57%为血栓栓塞,27%为非血栓因素,前者是由于封管时机、方法不正确导致血流返流,在管腔内形成凝块或血栓所致;后者是导管扭曲打折、血液黏度异常、药物结晶等所致[1]。所以,正确的使用和维护PICC导管,是预防PICC堵塞的根本保证,从而最大限度达到PICC留置时限。
Peripheral venous catheterization of the central venous catheter (PICC / CVC) provides a reliable venous access for cancer patients, which greatly protects the blood vessels of tumor patients and reduces the harm caused by the extravasation of chemotherapy drugs. Catheter blockage during catheter indwelling is one of the most common complications of PICC / CVC. It refers to a partial or complete blockage of a catheter in a catheter, resulting in a blocked or limited infusion of the fluid or fluid that manifests as a fluid drop Slow down or stop drip, unable to withdraw venous blood or red tube resistance. Among them, 57% were thromboembolism and 27% were non-thrombogenic factors. The former was due to the timing of sealing tube and the incorrect method leading to blood flow regurgitation caused by clots or thrombus in the lumen. The latter was distorted and distorted by catheter, Abnormal blood viscosity, caused by drug crystallization [1]. Therefore, the proper use and maintenance of PICC catheters is the fundamental guarantee for preventing PICC blockage, thereby maximizing PICC retention time.