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目的 探讨特布他林联合阿奇霉素治疗小儿支原体肺炎的疗效及其对患者血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-10(IL-10)水平的影响.方法 选取2015年7月至2016年11月本院收治的小儿支原体肺炎患儿86例,根据治疗方案分为对照组(n=40)和观察组(n=46).对照组给予红霉素与小儿咳喘灵口服液治疗,观察组给予特布他林雾化吸入联合阿奇霉素治疗.观察对比两组临床疗效,治疗前后血清TNF-α、IL-10变化及临床症状变化、不良反应发生情况.结果 经治疗后,观察组的临床总有效率为93.48%,高于对照组的72.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者啰音、咳嗽和喘憋消失时间及退热和住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经治疗后,两组患者血清TNF-α、IL-10均较治疗前有显著性改变,其中TNF-α明显降低,且观察组患者降低幅度较大(P<0.05);而IL-10明显升高,且观察组升高幅度较大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗过程中观察组患者不良反应发生率为13.04%,低于对照组的32.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 特布他林联合阿奇霉素治疗小儿支原体肺炎疗效确切,能有效缩短临床症状改善的时间,改善血清TNF-α、IL-10水平.“,”Objective To investigate the efficacy of terbutaline combined with azithromycin on the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children and its effect on serum tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)and interleukin-10(IL-10)levels. Methods 86 children with mycoplasma pneumonia were selected from July 2015 to November 2016 in our hospital. According to the treatment plan,they were divided into control group(n=40)and observation group(n=46). The control group was given erythromycin with Kechuanling oral liquid treatment ,and the observation group was treated with terbutaline inhalation combined with azithromycin treatment. The clinical efficacy of the two groups were observed and compared. The changes of serum TNF-α and IL-10 levels before and after treatment and the changes of clinical symptoms and adverse reactions were observed. Results After treatment ,the total effective rate of the observation group was 93.48%,and that of the control group was 72.50%. The total effective rate of the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The time of rales , coughing and wheezing ,the period of fever and hospitalization in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). After the treatment,serum TNF-αand IL-10 levels of both groups were significantly decreased;the TNF-α level in the observation group was decreased more than that in the control group(P<0.05);while IL-10 level was increased significantly in both groups,and the increase in the observation group was significantly more than that in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation and control groups were 13.04% and 32.50%,respectively. The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Terbutaline combined with azithromycin in the treatment of children with mycoplasma pneumonia was effective ,and could effectively shorten the time of improvement of clinical symptoms.