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以自制的蜜胺/PIPA多元醇为原料制备了软质聚氨酯泡沫塑料,研究了蜜胺/PIPA多元醇的用量对泡沫发泡成型、力学和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明:当使用蜜胺/PIPA多元醇代替普通聚醚多元醇发泡,其用量在20%～40%时,泡沫的压缩强度,65%/25%压陷比、落球回弹率和75%永久变形等性能有明显的提高;而泡沫的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和撕裂强度则有不同程度的下降。当蜜胺/PIPA多元醇的用量为40%时所得到的泡沫综合性能最好,且与空白泡沫相比,其阻燃性能也有极大的提高,可达到离火10s内自熄。在此基础上,添加一种磷系阻燃剂起到N-P协同阻燃作用,产物氧指数显著提高。
A flexible polyurethane foam was prepared from home-made melamine / PIPA polyols. The effects of the amount of melamine / PIPA polyol on foaming molding, mechanical properties and flame retardancy were studied. The results show that when using melamine / PIPA polyol instead of ordinary polyether polyol foaming, the compressive strength of foam, compression ratio of 65% / 25%, rebound rate of falling ball and % Permanent deformation and other properties have been significantly improved; and the foam tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength have varying degrees of decline. When the amount of melamine / PIPA polyols is 40%, the obtained composite foam has the best comprehensive performance, and its flame retardant property is also greatly improved compared with the blank foam, which can be self-extinguished within 10 seconds from the fire. On this basis, adding a phosphorus flame retardant play a synergistic flame retardant N-P, product oxygen index increased significantly.