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【目的】了解大庆市普通中小学生抑郁障碍的发生频率及相关家庭影响因素,为学生心理健康干预提供基础数据和依据。【方法】利用整群抽样方法对大庆市4所中小学校、1 673名中小学生,采用儿童抑郁障碍自评量表(DSRSC)、家庭环境量表中文版进行问卷调查。【结果】1)学生抑郁总分为9.93±5.13,男生抑郁状况均分为9.96±5.09,女生为9.88±5.16,差异无统计学意义(t=0.264,P>0.05);男女生抑郁障碍的阳性检出率差异也无统计学意义(χ2=0.538,P>0.05)。2)家庭环境因素中亲密度、情感表达、成功性、知识性、娱乐性、道德宗教观、组织性这7个因素与抑郁状况存在负相关性(P<0.01),矛盾性与抑郁状况存在正相关性(P>0.01)。3)逐步回归分析中亲密度、情感表达、矛盾性、知识性、道德宗教观和组织性进入回归方程,回归系数分别为-0.466、-0.330、0.506、-0.223、-0.163、-0.161和-0.349。【结论】家庭环境是影响中小学生抑郁状况的原因之一,改善家庭环境有助于提高中小学生的心理健康水平。
【Objective】 To understand the incidence of depression in ordinary primary and secondary school students in Daqing and related family factors, and provide the basic data and basis for students’ mental health intervention. 【Method】 A total of 1 673 primary and secondary school students from 4 primary and secondary schools in Daqing City were surveyed by cluster sampling method using the DSRSC and Chinese version of Family Environment Scale. 【Results】 1) The total score of depression was 9.93 ± 5.13, the average score of depression was 9.96 ± 5.09 for boys and 9.88 ± 5.16 for girls (t = 0.264, P> 0.05). Depression There was also no significant difference in the positive detection rate (χ2 = 0.538, P> 0.05). (2) There is a negative correlation between the factors of family environment such as intimacy, emotion expression, success, knowledge, entertainment, morality and religion, and organization, and depression (P <0.01) Positive correlation (P> 0.01). 3) Stepwise regression analysis showed that the intimacy, emotional expression, contradiction, knowledge, morality and religion entered the regression equation with regression coefficients of -0.466, -0.330, 0.506, -0.223, -0.163, -0.161 and - 0.349. 【Conclusion】 Family environment is one of the reasons that affect the depression status of primary and secondary school students. Improving the family environment will help improve the mental health of primary and secondary school students.