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目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的处理方法,降低母儿并发症。方法对45例GDM孕产妇的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果42例为待产过程中确诊,经过GDM孕期处理,其中单纯采用饮食+运动疗法39例,使用胰岛素13例。巨大儿7例(16.7%),剖宫产30例(71.4%),无围产儿死亡,母儿结局良好;3例为临产入院后诊断为GDM,未经过GDM孕期处理。结果1例酮症酸中毒死胎,1例巨大儿肩难产死产,1例早产儿放弃治疗死亡;孕妇文化程度初中及以下组围产儿死亡率、巨大儿发生率明显高于文化程度高中及以上组。结论要重视GDM的早期诊断,运动治疗采用上肢运动功率计值得借鉴,健康教育是防治GDM的主要方法之一。
Objective To investigate the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and reduce the complications of maternal and child. Methods The clinical data of 45 GDM pregnant women were analyzed retrospectively. Results Forty-two patients were diagnosed in the course of waiting-to-be-delivered and were treated with GDM during pregnancy. Among them, 39 were diet and exercise therapy alone and 13 were used insulin. Giant children in 7 cases (16.7%), cesarean section in 30 cases (71.4%), no perinatal deaths, maternal and child outcomes were good; 3 cases were admitted to hospital after diagnosis of GDM, without GDM during pregnancy. Results 1 case of ketoacidosis stillbirth, 1 case of giant shoulder hard birth and 1 case of premature children give up treatment of death; pregnant women in junior high school and below group of perinatal mortality, macrosomia was significantly higher than the educational level of high school and above group. Conclusion It is important to pay attention to the early diagnosis of GDM. Exercise therapy is worth using for reference of upper extremity exercise power meter. Health education is one of the main methods of prevention and treatment of GDM.