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钠 碘转运体 (NIS)是位于甲状腺细胞基底膜上的一类膜抗原 ,在甲状腺对碘的主动转运过程中发挥重要作用。此蛋白受甲状腺刺激素 (TSH)、碘、细胞因子和生长因子等多种因素的广泛调节。自身免疫性甲状腺疾病时NIS的表达发生了明显变化 ,患者体内出现抗NIS自身抗体。此外 ,NIS还与甲状腺冷结节和先天性甲减等甲状腺疾病的发病机理密切相关。采用NIS转基因对甲状腺癌的放射性碘治疗具有重要的临床价值。
Sodium iodide transporter (NIS) is a type of membrane antigen located on the basement membrane of thyroid cells that plays an important role in the thyroid’s active transport of iodine. This protein is widely regulated by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), iodine, cytokines and growth factors and many other factors. In patients with autoimmune thyroid disease, the expression of NIS changed significantly, and anti-NIS autoantibodies appeared in the patients. In addition, NIS is also closely related to the pathogenesis of thyroid diseases such as thyroid cold nodules and congenital hypothyroidism. The use of NIS transgene in the treatment of thyroid cancer with radioactive iodine has important clinical value.