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目的探讨髋关节超声检查格拉夫(Graf)法在婴幼儿发育性髋关节异常(DDH)筛查中的作用。方法应用超声检查Graf法检查1 580例0~6个月婴幼儿,3 160个髋关节,观察髋关节形态、结构并测量α、β角,进行Graf分型并统计分析,同时对DDH发病影响因素进行评价。结果超声可以清楚地显示髋关节的形态、结构,并可以根据相关超声指标判断髋关节是否异常及异常程度。3 160个髋关节,男1 654个(52.34%),女1 506个(47.66%),相关超声指标分析结果:(1)α、β角两者呈负相关,r=-0.56(P<0.001);(2)α角与月龄呈正相关,r=0.12(P<0.001),β角与月龄呈负相关,r=-0.20(P<0.001);(3)0~6个月婴幼儿α、β角在正常髋关节与异常髋关节间差异具有非常显著性意义(P<0.001);(4)性别为DDH发病的影响因素。结论髋关节超声检查Graf法可作为婴幼儿DDH早期筛查的重要手段。
Objective To investigate the role of Graf in the screening of abnormal hip development (DDH) in infants and toddlers. Methods The Graf method was used to examine 1 580 cases of infants and children aged 0-6 months and 3 160 hip joints. The morphology and structure of the hip joint were measured and the α and β angles were measured. Graf classification and statistical analysis were performed. Meanwhile, the incidence of DDH Factors for evaluation. Results Ultrasound can clearly show the shape and structure of the hip joint, and can judge whether the hip joint is abnormal or abnormal according to the relevant ultrasonic indexes. 1 1604 (52.34%) were male and 1 506 (47.66%) were female. There were negative correlations between α and β angles (r = -0.56, P < 0.001). (2) α angle was positively correlated with age, r = 0.12 (P <0.001), β angle was negatively correlated with age, r = -0.20 Infant α, β angle in the normal hip and abnormal hip has a significant difference (P <0.001); (4) sex is the influencing factor of DDH. Conclusions Graf method of hip ultrasound can be used as an important method for early screen of DDH in infants and young children.