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目的分析天津市宁河区疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测报告的运转状况,探讨提高监测质量的措施。方法整理辖区2005~2014年报告收集的434例AEFI个案数据,采用描述性分析方法进行流行病学分析。结果 434例AEFI病例分布在全区19个接种单位所在区域,报告覆盖率100%;按AEFI监测分类,一般反应335例,异常反应93例,偶合症5例,心因性反应1例;报告的AEFI主要发生于接种疫苗后0~3 d,占94.9%;434例AEFI中,男、女性别比为1.3∶1,0~1岁个案占病例数的70.7%;所报告的AEFI病例涉及22种疫苗,其中报告无细胞百白破、麻疹和乙肝(酵母)疫苗AEFI较多,分别占35.5%、12.7%、10.4%;AEFI临床分类以发热/红肿居首,占71.2%,其次是过敏性皮疹;报告的434例AEFI均已痊愈。结论天津市宁河区AEFI监测系统运转良好,预防接种安全可靠。
Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics of suspected AEFI in Ninghe District, Tianjin, assess the operation status of AEFI monitoring report and discuss the measures to improve the quality of monitoring. Methods The data of 434 AEFI cases collected in the area from 2005 to 2014 were collected and analyzed by descriptive analysis. Results A total of 434 cases of AEFI were found in 19 vaccination units in the district, covering a coverage of 100%. According to AEFI classification, there were 335 cases of general reaction, 93 cases of abnormal reaction, 5 cases of coupled disease and 1 case of cardiogenic reaction. The report Of AEFI occurred mainly 0 to 3 days after vaccination, accounting for 94.9%. Among 434 AEFI patients, male and female ratio was 1.3:1, and 0 to 1 year old accounted for 70.7% of the cases. The reported AEFI cases involved 22 kinds of vaccines, of which 40 cases reported aneuploidy, measles and hepatitis B vaccine (AEFI), accounting for 35.5%, 12.7% and 10.4% respectively. The clinical classification of AEFI led by fever / redness accounted for 71.2%, followed by Allergic rash; 434 reported AEFIs were cured. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system in Ninghe District of Tianjin operated well and safe vaccination.