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目的了解浙江省江山市无偿献血者梅毒检测阳性情况,为血站选择低危无偿献血者提供理论依据。方法选择2008-2012年浙江省江山市25 450名无偿献血者,运用双抗原夹心酶联免疫吸附试验测定梅毒螺旋体抗体,并进行分组比较和统计学分析。结果江山市近5年无偿献血人群梅毒阳性率为0.84%(214/25 450),且各年份的阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=7.64,P>0.05);男女性别梅毒阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.18,P>0.05);不同年龄组的男女性别阳性率比较,只有51～58岁组男女性阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.32,P<0.05),其他年龄组男女性阳性率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);各年龄组的献血者阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=22.91,P<0.01);固定职业、农民和无固定职业者、本地和外地、献血车与血库献血者的阳性率分别进行比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论江山市无偿献血者的梅毒阳性率已处于较高水平,为了尽可能避免感染性血液的采集,献血前需做到有效征询,尽可能地排除高危行为史者;发展稳定的固定献血者队伍是血站选择低危献血者的必要措施。
Objective To understand the positive results of syphilis testing in unpaid blood donors in Jiangshan City, Zhejiang Province, and to provide a theoretical basis for selecting blood donors for blood donation at low risk. Methods 25 450 unpaid blood donors in Jiangshan City of Zhejiang Province from 2008 to 2012 were selected. Antibody of Treponema pallidum was detected by double antigen sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and compared and statistically analyzed. Results The positive rate of syphilis in unpaid blood donors in Jiangshan City in the past five years was 0.84% (214/25 450), and there was no significant difference in the positive rates among all the years (χ2 = 7.64, P> 0.05). The difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 1.18, P> 0.05). The positive rates of male and female in different age groups were significantly different between male and female (χ2 = 4.32, P <0.05) (P> 0.05). There was significant difference in the positive rate of blood donors among all age groups (χ2 = 22.91, P <0.01). There was no significant difference between male and female in other age groups There were significant differences in the positive rates of blood donors from local and overseas donors and blood donors (P <0.01). Conclusion The positive rate of syphilis in Guanshan has been at a high level. In order to avoid as much as possible the collection of infectious blood, effective consultation should be done before blood donation to exclude as high as possible the history of high-risk behavior. The development of a stable team of fixed blood donors Bloodstains are the necessary measures to select low-risk blood donors.