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目的掌握宁波市2011年5月腹泻暴发疫情的流行特征,查明危险因素并控制疫情蔓延。方法描述此次疫情三间分布的流行特征,电话调查暴发期间报告的88例病例和88例对照,对调查结果采用病例对照研究的方法进行危险因素研究和剂量反应关系分析。结果宁波市2011年5月19～26日出现腹泻暴发疫情,报告病例主要分布在鄞州和海曙区,年龄以20～59岁为主,男女性别比为1.1:1,病例职业主要为农民和散居儿童;食用紫贻贝是引起此次疫情的危险因素(OR=11.33,95%CI:5.18～25.14),发病随着暴露水平增强而增加(χ2=43.81,P<0.01)。结论此次腹泻暴发疫情可能因食用含有贝类毒素的紫贻贝引起,应加强监测,阻止有毒贝类上市是防止此类事件再次发生的有效手段,减少赤潮发生是预防此类疾病的根本措施。
Objective To grasp the epidemic characteristics of diarrhea outbreak in Ningbo City in May 2011, identify the risk factors and control the spread of the epidemic. Methods The epidemiological characteristics of the three epidemics were described. 88 cases and 88 controls were reported during the telephone survey outbreak. The results of the case-control study were used to analyze risk factors and dose-response relationship. Results The outbreak of diarrhea occurred in Ningbo City from May 19 to May 2011. The reported cases were mainly located in Yinzhou and Haishu District. The age ranged from 20 to 59 years old. The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.1: 1. The cases were mainly farmers and diaspora Children; eating mussels was the risk factor for this epidemic (OR = 11.33, 95% CI: 5.18-25.14). The incidence increased with the increase of exposure (χ2 = 43.81, P <0.01). Conclusions The outbreak of diarrhea may be caused by the consumption of mussels which contain shellfish toxins. Monitoring should be strengthened to stop the listing of toxic shellfish as an effective measure to prevent the recurrence of such events. Reduce the occurrence of red tide is the fundamental measure to prevent such diseases .