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目的探讨早产极低出生体重儿(Very Low BirthWeight Infants,VLBWI)发生的病因和防治。方法对56例早产极低体重儿的临床资料和综合处理进行回顾性分析。结果导致极低出生体重儿的主要原因有多胎妊娠、妊娠合并症、胎膜早破、高龄产妇和原因不明等。所有患儿均有一种或多种并发症,主要为低体温、呼吸暂停、早产儿贫血、低钙血症、感染性肺炎、肺透明膜病(RDS)、高胆红素血症、高血糖、喂养不耐受等。本组极低出生体重儿的存活率为76.8%(43/56),死亡率为23.2%(13/56)。结论应加强高危孕妇围产期监测,减少VLBWI发生几率,对VLBWI应预防各种并发症并针对性治疗及随访,以提高其生存率及近远期生存质量。
Objective To investigate the etiology and prevention and treatment of premature low birth weight infant (VLBWI). Methods The clinical data and comprehensive treatment of 56 preterm and very low birth weight children were analyzed retrospectively. As a result, the main causes of very low birth weight children were multiple pregnancy, pregnancy complications, premature rupture of membranes, unknown mothers of unknown age, and others. All children had one or more complications, mainly hypothermia, apnea, anemia in prematurity, hypocalcemia, infectious pneumonia, hyaline membrane disease (RDS), hyperbilirubinemia, hyperglycemia , Feeding intolerance and so on. This group of very low birth weight children’s survival rate was 76.8% (43/56), the mortality rate was 23.2% (13/56). Conclusion Perinatal monitoring should be strengthened in high-risk pregnant women to reduce the incidence of VLBWI, VLBWI should be to prevent various complications and targeted treatment and follow-up to improve its survival rate and quality of life in the near future.