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经济增长通常是指一个国家或地区在一定时期内总产出量(包括产品和劳务)的增加。总产出量的增加主要是通过两种途径实现的,一是增加各种生产要素的投入,另一是提高要素生产率。因此,经济增长相应地有两种主要方式;高投入、高消耗的粗放型经济增长和低投入、高效率的集约型经济增长。长期以来,我国在计划经济的体制下,实行的主要是粗放型经济增长。随着经济体制改革的深入,我国经济的许多方面出现了深刻变化,然而,粗放型的经济增长方式却没有得到根本的转变。由于我国是一个自然资源相对不足的大国,靠拚资源来实现经济的高增长显然有渴泽而渔的危险,将严重影响我国经济的发展后劲。而且,这种增长方式也不利于技术进步和经济效益的提高。
Economic growth usually refers to the increase of total output (including products and services) of a country or region over a certain period of time. The increase in total output is mainly achieved through two ways. One is to increase investment in various factors of production and the other is to increase factor productivity. Therefore, there are two main ways of economic growth correspondingly; the extensive economic growth with high investment and high consumption, the low investment and the intensive economic growth with high efficiency. For a long time, our country has mainly implemented extensive economic growth under the system of planned economy. With the deepening of economic reform, profound changes have taken place in many aspects of our economy. However, the extensive mode of economic growth has not been fundamentally transformed. Since our country is a big country with relative lack of natural resources, relying on resources to realize the high growth of the economy is clearly at risk of thirst for migration and will seriously affect the development potential of our economy. Moreover, this mode of growth is not conducive to technological progress and economic benefits.