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目的观察慢性低剂量微波辐照对大鼠外周血T、B淋巴细胞亚群的影响,探讨微波辐射致免疫组织损伤的效应和机制。方法清洁级雄性Wistar大鼠,按照微波辐照平均功率密度随机分为0(对照)、2.5、5、10mW/cm24组,每天辐照6min,每周5d,连续辐照1个月,于辐照14d后以及连续辐照1个月后的1、30、60、180d活杀大鼠取材。采用血细胞自动分析仪进行外周血白细胞(WBC)计数,流式细胞仪检测胸腺组织中活性氧自由基(ROS)水平,以及大鼠外周血CD3+、CD4+、CD8+T细胞亚群和CD45RA+B细胞亚群的变化。结果①连续辐照结束后60d,外周血WBC在2.5mW/cm2组较对照组明显升高(P<0.05),在10mW/cm2组明显降低(P<0.01)。辐照后180d,各辐照组WBC较对照组明显降低(P<0.05)。②连续辐照14d后,胸腺组织内ROS水平随辐照剂量增加而持续升高,呈较好的剂量-效应关系。辐照1个月结束后的60d,5mW/cm2组ROS水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。③辐照1个月结束后的1~60d,外周血T细胞亚群变化不明显,但辐照后180d,2.5mW/cm2组CD3+和CD4+T细胞较对照组明显升高(P<0.05),而5mW/cm2组CD8+T细胞较对照组明显降低(P<0.05)。各辐照组CD4+/CD8+比值虽然在辐照后180d出现升高趋势,但与对照组比较未见统计学差异。④辐照后60d,5mW/cm2组外周血CD45RA+B淋巴细胞较对照组明显增加(P<0.01),而辐照后180d,各辐照组CD45RA+B细胞却明显低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论大鼠经长期低剂量微波辐照后,免疫功能在早期改变不明显,晚期损伤较为明显,外周血WBC和CD45RA+B淋巴细胞在辐照后180d明显减少。
Objective To observe the effects of chronic low-dose microwave irradiation on T and B lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of rats, and to explore the effect and mechanism of microwave radiation on immune tissue injury. Methods Clean male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 0 (control), 2.5, 5, and 10 mW / cm2 groups according to the average power density of microwave irradiation. The rats were irradiated for 6 minutes daily and 5 days a week for 1 month. According to 14d and 1 month after continuous irradiation 1,30,60,180 d killed rats were drawn. Peripheral blood leukocytes (WBC) were counted by automatic blood analyzer, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in thymus tissue were measured by flow cytometry, CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 + T cell subsets and CD45RA + B Changes in cell subsets. Results ① After 60 days of continuous irradiation, WBC in peripheral blood was significantly higher (P <0.05) than that in control group at 2.5mW / cm2 and significantly lower at 10mW / cm2 (P <0.01). At 180 days after irradiation, the WBC in each irradiation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). ② After 14 days of continuous irradiation, the level of ROS in thymus tissue continued to increase with the increase of irradiation dose, showing a good dose-response relationship. At 60 days after the end of irradiation for one month, the level of ROS in 5mW / cm2 group was significantly lower than that in control group (P <0.05). ③ The levels of CD3 + and CD4 + T cells in 2.5mW / cm2 group were significantly higher than those in control group at 180d after irradiation (P <0.05 ), While CD8 + T cells in 5mW / cm2 group were significantly lower than those in control group (P <0.05). The ratio of CD4 + / CD8 + in each irradiation group showed an upward trend at 180 days after irradiation, but no significant difference compared with the control group. ④ At 60 days after irradiation, the levels of CD45RA + B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of 5mW / cm2 group were significantly increased (P <0.01), while the levels of CD45RA + B cells in each group were significantly lower than those of the control group <0.05, P <0.01). Conclusion After long-term low-dose microwave irradiation, the immune function of rats is not obvious in the early stage, and the damage in the late stage is obvious. The WBC and CD45RA + B lymphocytes in peripheral blood are obviously decreased 180 days after irradiation.