论文部分内容阅读
本文主要分析了内蒙古河套灌区上壤盐碱化的特点;探讨了盐碱地治理的主要措施;指出在气候干燥,蒸发量大,灌溉水盐份高,用量多,排水少,地下水具有地质矿化源和水位浅以及土壤质地较砂等因素的影响下,河套灌区的土壤盐份具有积累快,年中变化大,含量高等特点。由于盐害最严重的时期是从春小麦播种到5月中旬,本文提出河套灌区盐碱地的治理应首先搞好合理灌水和完善排水;同时改进传统耕作方法,采用先进耕作技术和其他措施综合治理。但任何经济有效的措施的设计与实施都需通过对当地盐碱化过程的深入研究,建立关键时期(秋浇、结冻到化冻、春播)的土壤水盐运动模型,进行田间主体工程的定点试验。
In this paper, the characteristics of salinization in the soil of Hetao Irrigation District in Inner Mongolia were analyzed. The main measures of saline-alkali land management were discussed. It is pointed out that in the climate with dryness, large evaporation, high water and salt content, Under the influence of shallow water level and sandy soil texture, the soil salinity in Hetao Irrigation District has the characteristics of rapid accumulation, large variation in mid-year and high content. Because the most serious period of salt damage is from sowing of spring wheat until mid-May, this paper proposes that the treatment of saline-alkali land in Hetao Irrigation District should first of all do a good job of rational irrigation and drainage improvement; at the same time, improve the traditional farming methods and adopt advanced tillage techniques and other measures for comprehensive management. However, the design and implementation of any cost-effective measures must be based on the in-depth study of the local salinization process, the establishment of soil water and salt movement model in the key period (autumn, frozen to thaw, spring sowing), the main field of field engineering test.