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从整体来看,保护责任已经取得国际社会的基本共识,但就其3个支柱而言,国际社会对此接受程度不同。争议主要集中于保护责任支柱三能否被国际社会尤其是安理会常任理事国接受。对于保护责任的规范化进程,各国的肯定或否定态度源于一些相同的考量因素,因此可能存在一个统一性的分析框架。对此,本文试图给出一个初步的因素+机制的分析框架。各国对保护责任支柱三的态度差异源于各国对主权和不干预原则奉行的立场不同。因此,需要考虑影响各国对待干预态度的因素。这些因素可被分为两个方面,即影响各国被干预的可能性和干预的可能性。影响主权国家被干预的可能性的变量主要是国家实力和国内分裂程度,而影响其对外干预的可能性的变量是海外利益和消极外部性。
On the whole, the responsibility to protect has already gained the basic consensus of the international community. However, as far as its three pillars are concerned, the degree of acceptance by the international community is different. The controversy has focused mainly on whether the responsibility pillar of protection can be accepted by the international community, especially the permanent members of the Security Council. As for the normalization process of the responsibility to protect, the affirmative or negative attitude of all countries stems from some of the same considerations, so there may be a unified analytical framework. In this regard, this article attempts to give a preliminary analysis of the factors + mechanism framework. The differences in the attitudes of all nations toward the pillar of protection responsibility stem from the different positions held by countries on the principles of sovereignty and non-intervention. Therefore, it is important to consider the factors that influence the attitudes of countries towards intervention. These factors can be divided into two aspects, namely, the possibility of intervening countries and the possibility of intervention. The variables that affect the possibility of sovereign state being interfered are mainly the national strength and the degree of domestic division, while the variables that affect the possibility of its foreign intervention are overseas interests and negative externality.