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应用PCR－SSCP银染技术检测了40例食管鳞状细胞癌p53基因第5、6、7和第8外显于的突变情况。结果显示：13例（32．5％）有p53基因突变，突变主要发生在第5和第8外显子，与癌分化程度无明显关系，但伴淋巴结癌转移病例中p53基因的突变率明显高于无转移者（P＜0．05）。本研究提示，p53基因突变存在于中、晚期食管癌中，并可能与食管鳞癌的进展与转移有关。
PCR-SSCP silver staining technique was used to detect mutations in exons 5, 6, 7, and 8 of p53 gene in 40 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The results showed that 13 cases (32.5%) had p53 gene mutations. The mutations mainly occurred in exon 5 and exon 8 and had no significant relationship with the degree of cancer differentiation. However, the mutation rate of p53 gene in cases with lymph node metastasis was obvious. Higher than those without metastasis (P<0.05). This study suggests that p53 gene mutations are present in advanced esophageal cancer and may be related to the progression and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.