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三、日本的能源管理 (一)日本能源管理几个历史阶段的不同特点日本的能源管理,从明治维新产业革命时期就开始重视。在各个历史时期,随着国内外政治、经济情况的发展变化,逐渐从政府、财团到株式会社(公司)、企业,形成了一套能源管理、能源科学技术研究、能源经济技术研究体系。尤其在1973年石油危机以后,建立起了一套很有实效的节能管理体系。并且在全国培养建立了一支具有现代科学技术的能源管理队伍。从日本能源管理的历史发展情况看,先是燃料管理,继而热能管理,进而到热能利用技术的研究和采用;由能源利用合理化,进而逐步发展到全面的技术经济管理和对新能源的
III. Japan’s energy management (I) Different characteristics of Japan’s energy management at several historical stages Japan’s energy management began to gain importance during the period of the Meiji Revolution industrial revolution. In various historical periods, with the development and changes in political and economic conditions at home and abroad, a set of energy management, energy science and technology research, and energy economic and technological research systems have been gradually formed from governments, financial groups, and corporations (companies). Especially after the 1973 oil crisis, a very effective energy management system was established. In addition, an energy management team with modern science and technology has been established throughout the country. From the perspective of the historical development of energy management in Japan, the first is fuel management, followed by thermal management, and then into the research and adoption of thermal energy utilization technologies; from the rationalization of energy use, and then gradually developed into a comprehensive technical and economic management and new energy sources.