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新生血管生成是绝大多数肿瘤得以生长和转移的必要前提。所以 ,通过抑制肿瘤血管生成来抑制肿瘤是非常有前途的一种方法 ,有望发展成为一种新型的癌症疗法。主要可以分为两大类 :一是通过抑制促血管生成信号或扩大抑制血管生成因子的作用来干扰肿瘤新生血管的形成过程 ,这领域的广泛研究已经发现了一系列促血管生成因子及其抑制剂和血管生成抑制因子 ;二是利用肿瘤血管与正常血管的差别来携带杀伤性药物直接特异性破坏已形成的肿瘤血管 ;另外 ,内皮细胞及其前体细胞制成疫苗也可起到直接杀伤作用。到目前为止 ,虽然很多抑制肿瘤血管的药物已经被用于临床试验 ,但结果往往不尽如人意 ,从长远来看 ,需要更有效的治疗方法。包括抗血管基因治疗策略 ,靶向药物导入系统的研究 ,以及抗血管生成药物和免疫疗法、化疗和放射治疗的联合应用都在探讨中。随着肿瘤模型评估系统的发展 ,抗血管治疗肿瘤的方法在不久的将来一定会广泛进入临床应用。
Neovascularization is a necessary prerequisite for the vast majority of tumors to grow and metastasize. Therefore, inhibiting tumor growth by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis is a very promising method and is expected to develop into a new type of cancer therapy. Can be divided into two main categories: First, by inhibiting angiogenic signals or expanding inhibition of angiogenic factors to interfere with tumor angiogenesis, extensive research in this area has found a series of pro-angiogenic factors and their inhibition Agents and angiogenesis inhibitors; the second is the use of tumor blood vessels and normal blood vessels to carry the difference between the destructive drugs directly to the destruction of tumor blood vessels have been formed; In addition, endothelial cells and their precursors made of vaccines can also play a direct killing effect. So far, although many drugs that inhibit tumor blood vessels have been used in clinical trials, the results are often unsatisfactory and, in the long run, more effective treatments are needed. Including anti-vascular gene therapy strategies, targeted drug delivery systems, and the combination of anti-angiogenic drugs and immunotherapy, chemotherapy and radiation therapy are under discussion. With the development of a tumor model evaluation system, the anti-angiogenic tumor approach will certainly be widely used clinically in the near future.