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狂犬病疫苗按培养狂犬病毒的基质不同,目前至少有三大类型,即动物脑组织疫苗,鸭胚疫苗与组织培养疫苗。当前世界各国特别是亚非拉狂犬病流行区的绝大部分国家使用动物脑组织疫苗。此种疫苗预防效果并不太理想,即使使用及时,仍有少数接种者未得到保护。况且疫苗内含有大量的非特异性脑组织成分,注射针次又多至14～21针,注射后发生较大的局部与全身性不良反应,特别是可引起一种中枢神经性变态反应,其发生比率为1∶2,000,甚至可达1∶40,此种反应可导致死亡或终身残疾。鸭胚疫苗多在北美等少数国家中使用,其效果更不理想,因其含40%的鸭胚组织.
There are at least three major types of rabies vaccine based on the culture of rabies virus, that is, animal brain tissue vaccine, duck embryo vaccine and tissue culture vaccine. Most countries in the world, especially the rabies endemic areas in Asia and Africa, use animal brain tissue vaccines. This vaccine is not very effective in prevention, and few vaccinates are unprotected, even when used promptly. Moreover, the vaccine contains a large number of non-specific components of the brain, the needle again and again up to 14 to 21 needles, large local and systemic adverse reactions occurred after injection, in particular, can cause a central nervous allergic reaction, its occurrence The ratio is 1: 2,000, even up to 1:40, and such reactions can result in death or permanent disability. Duck embryo vaccine and more in North America and a few other countries to use, the effect is more unsatisfactory, because it contains 40% of duck embryo tissue.