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目的分析沈阳地区风疹的流行病学特征,为更有效地制定风疹防控策略提供科学依据。方法将2006年10月-2007年6月在沈阳医学院奉天医院治疗的158例风疹患者的流行病学资料用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 14~26岁是主要发病人群,以18~22岁组为主,占发病总数的54.43%;发病时间以冬春季节为主;学生、职员、外来务工人员是主要的发病人群;有明确疫苗接种史者占3.80%;有明确风疹患者接触史者占58.86%。结论青少年成为风疹易发人群的原因可能与疫苗接种率低、学习工作场所人员密集、医疗机构内交叉感染有关。完善风疹的疫苗接种制度、普及风疹抗体检测系统以及加强医疗机构消毒隔离是降低风疹发病率的主要策略。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Shenyang and provide a scientific basis for more effective prevention and control of rubella. Methods The epidemiological data of 158 cases of rubella patients who were treated in Fengtian Hospital of Shenyang Medical College from October 2006 to June 2007 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results The patients aged 14 to 26 years old were the main pathogens, accounting for 54.43% of the total cases in the age group of 18 to 22 years. The onset time was mainly in winter and spring. Students, staffs and migrant workers were the main affected persons. Vaccination history accounted for 3.80%; clear rubella patients with history of exposure accounted for 58.86%. Conclusions The reasons why adolescents may become susceptible to rubella may be related to the low vaccination rate, intensive study workplace and cross-infection in medical institutions. Improve the rubella vaccination system, popularization of rubella antibody detection system and strengthen the disinfection and isolation of medical institutions is to reduce the incidence of rubella the main strategy.