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在西欧各国,以至于整个欧洲,随着欧洲一体化的迅速发展,国际法特别是欧洲法已经渗入国内法,成为其不可分割的一部分。因而在这些国家,即使只学习、研究国内法的人员也必须掌握欧洲法。而欧洲法对国内法的影响,在民事商事方面主要为欧盟法(欧共体法),在刑事方面则主要是欧洲人权法。由1950年通过并于1953年生效的欧洲人权公约所建立的人权保护制度是目前国际性和区域性人权保护制度中最为有效的。随着欧洲人权公约第11号议定书(以下简称第11议定书)
In all Western European countries and even in Europe as a whole, with the rapid development of European integration, international law, especially European law, has infiltrated into domestic law and becomes an integral part of it. Thus in those countries, even those who study and study domestic law must also master European law. The impact of European law on domestic law, however, is mainly European Union law (EC law) in the area of civil commercial matters and European criminal law mainly. The system of human rights protection established by the European Convention on Human Rights, adopted in 1950 and entered into force in 1953, is currently the most effective in the international and regional human rights protection systems. With the European Convention on Human Rights No. 11 Protocol (hereinafter referred to as Protocol 11)