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地貌学是地质学的一个分支,又是从地形学逐渐发展起来的;但它与地形学不同的是:地形学是研究地壳各种形状的外观,而地貌学却是研究地形的生成,探索何种因素构成现在的地形,它的形成过程、强度以及变化和发展的规律。因此它不仅涉及地形的面积、分布等量的一面,而且还深入到地形形成的本质。公路是修建在大地之上的工程建筑物,与各种地形发生非常密切的关系。由于地形并非单一的,在路线经过地段势必要穿越山川河谷,跨越许多特殊地区如黄土、盐碱地、沙漠、冻土……,甚至还会碰到地质不良地段如滑坡、崩坍、沼泽、雪害、冰川……。如果在选定路线时事先能够掌握它们的地貌特点,利用其有利因素,在适当的位置布设线路;或者能肯定病害的性质与危害程度后,需要绕避者则
Geomorphology is a branch of geology and gradual development from topography; but it is different from topography: topography is to study the appearance of various shapes of the earth’s crust, and geomorphology is to study the formation of terrain, to explore What constitutes the current topography, its formation process, intensity and the law of change and development. Therefore, it not only relates to the area of the terrain and distributes the same amount of side, but also goes deep into the essence of terrain formation. Highway is built on the earth above the engineering buildings, and a variety of terrain very close relationship. As the terrain is not unique, it is necessary to cross the mountains and valleys across the lot and across many special areas such as loess, saline land, deserts and permafrost. Even lands with poor geological conditions such as landslides, collapses, swamps, snow damage and glaciers .... If the geography characteristics of the selected routes can be grasped beforehand and the favorable factors are used to lay out the routes in appropriate places or the nature and extent of the diseases can be affirmed,