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在社会主义的现实生活中,解放生产力就是要冲破国家高度集中,企图包罗万象的计划经济的束缚。 我们过去总是把社会主义经济和计划经济之间划全等号,以为社会主义社会能够实行那种计划经济,也必须实行那种计划经济。这是和对社会主义的一种误解相关联的。这种误解就是以为,在社会主义建设中,人们既然能够有高度的自觉性,那就能够预先知道一切生产和经济活动应该如何正确进行的细节,并把它反映在计划中。但这其实是不可能的。人的高度自觉性主要表现为,在宏观上掌握社会发展的规律性和科学地了解社会发展的方向;但在微观上预知一切社会经济活动的细节是不可能的。硬是制定这样的计划,并赋予它以支配一切的权力,这就必然成为主观主义、
In the actual life of socialism, liberating the productive forces is to break the shackles of a highly centralized planned economy in the all-encompassing attempt of the state. In the past, we always equated the socialist economy with the planned economy, thinking that the planned economy should be implemented by the socialist society and that the planned economy must be implemented. This is related to a misunderstanding of socialism. This misunderstanding simply means that in the process of building socialism, since people can be highly conscious, they can know in advance the details of how all their production and economic activities should proceed correctly and reflect it in the plan. But this is actually impossible. Human’s high degree of self-consciousness mainly manifests itself in grasping the regularity of social development macroscopically and scientifically understanding the direction of social development; but it is impossible to predict the details of all socio-economic activities microscopically. Hardly to develop such a plan, and give it to dominate all the power, which inevitably become subjectivism,