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Berlin等(1977)指出,人长期接触时间加权平均浓度5～10 ppm的苯,每天8小时,引起了外周血液淋巴细胞染色体的畸变。目前,对接触苯的工人管理(诸如确定工人苯的接触程度和评价苯慢性危害时——摘者注),多采用血液学的检查和尿酚排出量。白细胞数的改变虽公认是苯中毒的早期指标,然而,作为监测苯中毒则欠灵敏。对尿酚排出量来说,当空气中的苯低于10 ppm时,似乎反映不出苯的接触程度。为此,作者采用Gage等(1977)测定空气和呼气中苯(灵敏度为0.001 ppm)的方法。
Berlin et al. (1977) pointed out that long-term exposure to benzene with a mean concentration of 5 to 10 ppm for 8 hours a day caused aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes. At present, hematology tests and urinary phenol excretion are often used in the management of workers exposed to benzene (such as determining the extent of worker exposure to benzene and assessing the chronic harm of benzene). Although the number of white blood cells is generally recognized as an early indicator of benzene poisoning, however, it is less sensitive to detect benzene poisoning. For urinary phenol excretion, benzene in the air does not seem to reflect the extent of exposure to benzene when it is below 10 ppm. For this reason, the authors used the method of Gage et al. (1977) for determination of air and exhaled benzene (0.001 ppm sensitivity).