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本文从制度变迁理论、产权理论和交易费用理论等新制度经济学角度出发,识别土地制度对耕地多功能实现的限制及功能开发利用问题,并提出相关建议。研究结果表明:一是实现耕地功能转变和更替的根源在于现行土地制度的不合理、产权制度不明晰等,包括一些土地制度对耕地生产功能的束缚、耕地产权关系不清、产权交易机制不健全、耕地交易费用过大等问题;二是应该完善耕地承包权抵押、融资权能等耕地多功能产权制度,降低耕地交易费用,创新制度安排内化耕地功能外部性,构建促进土地规模经营和多功能产业开发的耕地流转政策环境。本研究可为我国耕地资源多功能开发相关的土地制度改革和经济路径改进提供借鉴。
Based on the new institutional economics such as institutional change theory, property rights theory and transaction cost theory, this paper identifies the limitation of land system on the multi-functional realization of cultivated land and its function development and utilization, and puts forward some suggestions. The results show that: First, the root cause of the change and replacement of cultivated land function lies in the irrationality of the current land system and the unclear property rights system, including the restraint of some land systems on the productive functions of cultivated land, the unclear relationship between the cultivated land property rights and the property rights transaction mechanism And the problem of over-cultivated land transaction costs. Second, we should perfect the multi-functional system of farmland rights such as the right to farmland contracting rights and financing, reduce the transaction costs of cultivated land, innovate institutional arrangements to internalize the functional externalities of cultivated land, Industrial development of arable land transfer policy environment. This study can provide reference for the land system reform and economic path improvement related to the multi-purpose development of cultivated land resources in our country.