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为探讨儿童弥漫性甲状腺肿的简便和精确的诊断方法，对已经细针穿刺细胞学检查和甲状腺自身抗体检测的５０例弥漫性甲状腺肿患儿同时应用Ｂ超进行了甲状腺扫描检查，以１０９名７～１４岁正常儿童的甲状腺超声影像作对比。结果：正常儿童甲状腺的影像为略强于其周围肌肉组织的均匀回声图；弥漫性甲状腺肿患儿的甲状腺体积明显大于正常同龄儿童；细胞学确诊为慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎的２６例中２２例（８４．６％）Ｂ超回声图像呈大小不等的低回声区改变，其中１８例（８１．８％）伴自身抗体阳性；而细胞学诊断为甲状腺弥漫性增生的２４例患儿中则１７例（７０．８％）Ｂ超回声图像正常，仅７例（２９．１％）呈异常回声图，且均伴自身抗体阳性，其中２例１年后细胞学复查证实为慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎。Ｂ超结合自身抗体的检测与细胞学检查的诊断符合率为９２％。提示：Ｂ超作为一种简便易行、无创伤、可反复进行的检查手段，辅以血清学检测，对儿童慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎的诊断有较好的实用价值。
To investigate the simple and accurate diagnosis of diffuse goiter in children, thyroid scan was performed on 50 children with diffuse goiter with fine needle aspiration cytology and thyroid autoantibodies. Thyroid ultrasound images of normal children aged 7 to 14 years were compared. Results: The image of thyroid in normal children was slightly echographic slightly stronger than the surrounding muscle tissue. The volume of thyroid gland in children with diffuse goiter was significantly larger than that of normal children. Cytology was diagnosed in 26 cases of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (84.6%) B-echo images varied in size from hypoechoic regions, of which 18 (81.8%) were associated with autoantibodies. Cytology was diagnosed in 24 patients with diffuse thyroid gland hyperplasia 17 (70.8%) B ultrasound images were normal, only 7 cases (29.1%) showed abnormal echocardiography, and were associated with autoantibodies, of which 2 cases after 1 year cytological review confirmed that chronic lymphocytes Sexual thyroiditis. B ultrasound detection of autoantibodies and cytology in line with the diagnosis of 92%. Tip: B-as a simple, non-invasive, repeatable examination means, combined with serological testing, diagnosis of childhood chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis have good practical value.