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锂-空气电池是比能量最高的二次电池,已成为当今化学电源领域的研究热点。在锂-空气电池的各个组件中,空气电极的设计和制备是进一步提高锂-空气电池性能的关键。以简单的合成方法制备了一种具有高催化活性的镍酸镧(LaNiO_3)催化剂,利用Super P作为催化剂载体制备了一种新型空气电极。实验结果表明,含有LaNiO_3催化剂的锂-空气电池具有良好的充放电性能,放电电压平台为2.59 V,放电容量达到1 109 mAh·g~(-1)。比较了2种碳材料(Super P和GNS)作为催化剂载体的空气电极对电池充放电性能的影响,发现多孔性的空气电极结构更有利于电池性能的提高。此外,还分析了控制电解液(1 mol·L~(-1)LiTFSI/TEGDME)中水含量的必要性。由Super P、LaNiO_3及水含量小于1×10~(-5)的电解液(1 mol·L~(-1)LiTFSI/TEGDME)组装成的锂-空气电池具有良好的循环性能,循环第五圈的容量保持率为96.21%,且不出现电压平台的明显变化。
Lithium-air battery is the highest energy of the secondary battery, has become the field of chemical power today’s research hot spots. In various components of lithium-air batteries, the design and preparation of air electrodes is the key to further improve the performance of lithium-air batteries. A kind of lanthanum nickelate (LaNiO 3) catalyst with high catalytic activity was prepared by a simple synthesis method. A novel air electrode was prepared by using Super P as a catalyst carrier. The experimental results show that the lithium-air battery containing LaNiO_3 catalyst has good charge-discharge performance with a discharge voltage of 2.59 V and a discharge capacity of 1 109 mAh · g -1. The effect of air electrode with two kinds of carbon materials (Super P and GNS) as catalyst carrier on the charge-discharge performance of the battery was compared. It was found that the porous air electrode structure was more conducive to the improvement of battery performance. In addition, the necessity of controlling the water content in the electrolyte (1 mol·L -1 LiTFSI / TEGDME) was also analyzed. The lithium-air battery assembled by Super P, LaNiO 3 and electrolyte (1 mol·L -1 LiTFSI / TEGDME) with water content less than 1 × 10 -5 has good cycle performance, Ring capacity retention rate of 96.21%, and does not appear significant changes in the voltage platform.