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目的通过繁殖试验观察牛初乳对亲代大鼠生殖及F1代仔鼠发育状况的影响,评价牛初乳的生殖发育安全性。方法选用4周龄SD大鼠,牛初乳组在交配前期、宫内暴露期、哺乳期和仔鼠性成熟期(受孕前11周至仔鼠性成熟),用含10%牛初乳的饲料喂饲亲代和子代大鼠,对照组饲喂普通饲料,检测亲代体重、摄食量、动情周期、繁殖力指数、怀孕指数、孕周、每窝活产数、激素水平、生殖器官及精子质量;子代出生体重及身长、性别比、4日生存率、阴道开口时间、包皮分离时间等。采用两独立样本t检验的统计方法对均数进行比较,使用SPSS 13.0统计分析软件处理数据。结果与对照组相比,牛初乳对亲代的动情周期、繁殖力指数、怀孕指数、孕周、每窝活产数、子代性别比、出生身长、4日生存率均无显著影响,但亲代雄鼠左侧储精囊脏体比降低,精子总数提高(P<0.05),且牛初乳组亲代雌、雄大鼠血液中的促黄体生成素(LH)显著降低(P<0.05),雌鼠血液中催乳素(PRL)和孕酮(P)均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论一代繁殖试验未发现牛初乳对生殖发育能力有显著影响,仅见亲代储精囊、精子总数和激素水平改变,其长远影响需二代繁殖试验进一步验证。
Objective To observe the effects of bovine colostrums on reproduction and F1 offspring pupal development in parental offspring through reproductive test and evaluate the safety of colostrum development. Methods Four-week-old SD rats were used. The bovine colostrums were treated with 10% bovine colostrum in the period of pre-mating, intrauterine exposure, lactation and sexual maturity (11 weeks before conception to sexual maturation) Parental and offspring rats were fed with control group. The control group was fed with normal feed, body weight, food intake, estrous cycle, fecundity index, pregnancy index, gestational age, live birth weight, hormone level, reproductive organs and sperm quality; Offspring birth weight and length, sex ratio, 4-day survival rate, vaginal opening time, prepuce separation time. The statistical methods using two independent samples t-test were used to compare the means and SPSS 13.0 statistical analysis software was used to process the data. Results Compared with the control group, colostrum had no significant effect on the estrous cycle, fecundity index, pregnancy index, gestational age, live births per litter, sex ratio of offspring, length of birth and survival rate on the 4th day The body weight ratio of seminal vesicles on the left side of the male offspring was decreased and the total number of sperm was increased (P <0.05). The LH of the female and male colostrums in the colostrums was significantly decreased (P <0.05) Serum prolactin (PRL) and progesterone (P) were significantly lower than the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The results of the first generation breeding test showed that colostrum had a significant effect on reproductive development. Only the seminal vesicle, the total number of sperm and the hormone level changed. The long-term influence of the colostrum should be further verified by the second generation reproduction test.