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目的研究妊娠期母鼠缺氧对子代肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)及其调控的水盐代谢的“印迹”效应。方法妊娠母鼠随机分成缺氧组和对照组,缺氧组于妊娠第4～21 d放入缺氧舱(10.5%O2),对照组同期放入缺氧舱(21%O2)。在妊娠21 d(GD21)测量对照组和缺氧组胎鼠的脑质量、体质量及其血液电解质、血气、渗透压指标;检测两组成年子代(5个月)大鼠的血液电解质、血气及渗透压水平,记录皮下注射高渗盐水后两组成年子代大鼠的摄盐摄水量;Western blot检测两组成年子代前脑内血管紧张素受体(ATR)AT1R和AT2R蛋白表达的水平。结果妊娠期母鼠缺氧后,其胎鼠脑质量、体质量较对照组明显降低(P<0.05)。但成年子代鼠的脑质量、体质量与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);缺氧组GD21胎鼠氧分压(PO2)、氧饱和度(SO2%)较对照组明显下降(P<0.05),成年子代缺氧组与对照组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);胎鼠及成年子代血液电解质指标两组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);缺氧组皮下注射高渗盐后的摄盐量明显增加(P>0.05),摄淡水量与对照组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且缺氧组子代脑组织中AT2R的蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.05),而AT1R蛋白表达与对照组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但AT1R/AT2R蛋白表达的比值明显升高(P<0.05)。结论孕期暴露于缺氧刺激可影响子代成年大鼠在皮下注射高渗盐水应激后的摄盐水平,且该变化可能与子代中枢血管紧张素受体的改变有关。
Objective To study the effects of hypoxia on the progenitor renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and its regulation of water and salt metabolism during pregnancy. Methods Pregnant females were divided randomly into hypoxia group and control group. The hypoxia group was placed in hypoxia chamber (10.5% O2) on the 4th to 21st days of gestation, and the control group was placed in hypoxia chamber (21% O2) during the same period. The brain mass, body weight, blood electrolyte, blood gas and osmotic pressure of the control group and the hypoxic group were measured at 21 d of gestation (GD21). The blood electrolytes of two groups of adult offspring (5 months) Blood gas and osmotic pressure levels were recorded, and the salt intake of rats of two groups were recorded after subcutaneous injection of hypertonic saline. Western blot was used to detect the expression of AT1R and AT2R protein in the adult forebrain s level. Results After fetal hypoxia, the fetal rat brain mass and body weight were significantly lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference in brain mass and body weight between the adult offspring mice and the control group (P> 0.05). The oxygen partial pressure (PO2) and oxygen saturation (SO2% (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the hypoxic group and the control group in adult offspring (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in blood electrolyte index of fetal and adult offspring (P (P> 0.05). The salt intake of hypertensive rats after hypodermic injection of hypoxia increased significantly (P> 0.05), while there was no significant difference between the intake of fresh water and the control group (P> 0.05) The protein expression of AT2R in brain tissue was significantly decreased (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between AT1R protein expression and control group (P> 0.05), but the ratio of AT1R / AT2R protein expression was significantly increased ). Conclusion Exposure to hypoxia during pregnancy may affect the salt intake of offspring of adult rats after subcutaneous injection of hypertonic saline stress, and this change may be related to the changes of the offspring central angiotensin receptor.