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肝硬化等慢性肝病患者特别容易感染菌血症及/或脓毒血症、细菌性心内膜炎和肺炎.伴腹水者极易并发自发性细菌性腹膜炎.急性病毒性肝炎患者的细菌感染似不常见.然而,少数急性病毒性肝炎及药物性肝损伤者发生暴发性肝功能衰竭时,严重细菌感染常见,并可成为直接死因和胃肠道出血、肾衰等的重要诱因.许多慢性肝病患者的致病微生物为大肠杆菌,提示有肠道微生物进入循环.肝硬化和暴发性肝衰时,枯否氏细胞功能受损,而患者血清中大量免疫复合物可能并不直接与枯否氏细胞缺陷有关.在原发性胆汁性肝硬化患者,网状内皮系统的功能异常则与C3b受体的特异性缺
Patients with chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis, are particularly susceptible to bacteremia and / or sepsis, bacterial endocarditis and pneumonia, and those with ascites are at high risk for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Bacterial infections in patients with acute viral hepatitis are particularly common Is not common.However, a small number of acute viral hepatitis and drug-induced liver injury in patients with fulminant hepatic failure, severe bacterial infections are common and can be an important cause of direct causes of death and gastrointestinal bleeding, renal failure, etc. Many chronic liver disease Pathogenic microorganisms in patients with Escherichia coli, suggesting that enteric microorganisms enter the circulation. Cirrhosis and fulminant liver failure, Kupffer cell dysfunction, and serum immune complexes in a large number may not be directly associated with Kudzu Cell defects in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, dysfunction of the reticuloendothelial system and C3b receptor specific lack