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湖南雄黄矿是我国最大的雄黄产地,已开采1400多年。矿床赋存于石灰岩与白云岩中,属远源低温热液充填雌黄——雄黄矿床,主要矿物是雄黄,雌黄较少。矿体倾角40～80°,用斜井和竖井开拓,空场采矿法采矿,抽出式通风。 1953～1981年曾发生六起雄黄起火重大事故,造成多人砷中毒死亡和多人急性砷中毒。一、起火原因雄黄(AsS)含砷70.1％,硫29.9％,呈桔红色,在空气中表面易氧化,不自燃。该矿雄黄品位合硫化砷90％以上。在开采过程中,引起雄黄起火的直接原因,即点火能源来自: (1)爆破长期以来,开采雄黄矿采用浅眼爆破崩矿,使用2号岩石炸药。火雷管明火起爆。由于矿井深,自然通风效果差,
Xiong Huang mine in Hunan is China’s largest realgar production, mining has more than 1,400 years. Deposits occur in limestone and dolomite, is a far-source cryogenic hydrothermal filling of female yellow - realgar deposit, the main mineral is realgar, less female or yellow. Ore dip angle 40 ~ 80 °, with inclined shafts and shafts to open up, open-pit mining mining, extraction ventilation. During 1953-1981, there were six serious fires causing realgar fire, resulting in the death of many people with arsenic poisoning and the acute arsenic poisoning in many people. First, the cause of fire Realgar contains 70.1% arsenic, 29.9% sulfur, orange, the surface of the air easily oxidized, non-spontaneous. The mine realgar content of more than 90% of arsenic sulfide. In the mining process, the direct cause of realgar yellow fire, that is, ignition energy comes from: (1) blasting For a long time, the exploitation of realgar ore using shallow-eye blast collapse, the use of No. 2 rock explosives. Fire detonators open fire. As the mine depth, poor natural ventilation,