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目的了解某企业职工中男性、女性的乙型肝炎表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)的携带率,同时对不同年龄进行分组研究乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)的感染情况,以便有效预防和减少煤矿职工中乙型肝炎疾病的发生。方法用酶联免疫吸附试验技术(enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay,ELISA)对2012年7月—2014年7月12 922名在某企业总医院林西医院参加体检的某企业职工(其中男性职工9 144例,女性职工3 778例),进行乙型肝炎五项标志物(HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb、HBcAb,又称作两对半)的检测,对特殊模式组使用PCR技术检测HBV-DNA以排除可能出现的假性结果。通过χ~2检验对结果进行统计学分析。结果1在参加体检的12 922名某企业职工中,HBV总感染人数为331例,总感染率为2.56%。其中男性参检职工9 144名,HBV感染人数为256例,占参检男性总人数的2.80%;女性参检职工3 778名,HBV感染人数为75例,占受检女性总人数的2.00%。男性的HBV感染率明显高于女性,经χ~2检验,二者差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=30.26,P<0.05)。2某企业职工不同年龄乙型肝炎感染情况:不同年龄组的HBsAg的携带率分别为:20~岁为0.00%(0/330),30~岁为0.09%(1/1 075),40~岁为0.85%(16/1 884),50~岁为1.21%(53/4 383),60~岁为4.95%(261/5 277)。经χ~2检验,HBsAg的携带率在不同的年龄组间差异具有统计学意义,其中60岁以上人群的HBsAg的携带率明显高于其他年龄组(χ~2=208.67,P<0.05)。结论 1某企业职工HBV的总感染率为2.56%,低于全国水平(9.8%);男性职工HBV的感染率明显高于女性职工,二者差异具有显著性,这与文献报道基本一致。260岁以上人群的HBsAg的携带率明显高于其他年龄组,并随着年龄的降低,某企业职工中乙型肝炎的感染率呈逐渐下降的趋势。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in male and female workers in a certain enterprise and to study the infection status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in different age groups Effectively prevent and reduce the incidence of hepatitis B in coal mine workers. Methods From July 2012 to July 2014, 12 922 employees of an enterprise attending a medical examination in Linxi Hospital of an enterprise general hospital (including 9,144 male workers) were enrolled in the study by enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) (3 778 cases of female workers) were selected to test the detection of five markers of hepatitis B (HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, HBcAb, also known as two and a half) Exclude possible false results. The results were statistically analyzed by χ ~ 2 test. Results 1 Among the 12 922 workers who participated in the medical examination, the total number of HBV infection was 331 and the total infection rate was 2.56%. Among them, 9,144 were males, accounting for 2.80% of the total number of HBV infection, accounting for 2.80% of the total number of males; 3,778 were female employees, and the number of HBV infection was 75, accounting for 2.00% of the total number of females examined. . The HBV infection rate of males was significantly higher than that of females. There was a significant difference between the two groups (χ ~ 2 = 30.26, P <0.05) by χ ~ 2 test. 2 Hepatitis B infection in employees of different enterprises at different ages: The carrying rates of HBsAg in different age groups were 0.00% (0/330) in 20 ~ years, 0.09% (1/1 075) in 30 ~ The odds ratio was 0.85% (16/1 884), 1.21% (53/4 383) at 50 years of age, and 4.95% (261/5 277) at 60 years of age. The χ ~ 2 test showed that the carrier rate of HBsAg in different age groups was statistically significant, among which the carrier rate of HBsAg in people over 60 years old was significantly higher than other age groups (χ ~ 2 = 208.67, P <0.05). Conclusion 1 The total infection rate of HBV in a certain enterprise was 2.56%, lower than the national level (9.8%). The infection rate of HBV among male workers was significantly higher than that of female workers, the difference was significant, which was basically consistent with the literature. The carrying rate of HBsAg in people over 260 years old was obviously higher than that in other age groups. With the decrease of age, the infection rate of hepatitis B in a certain enterprise tended to decline gradually.