论文部分内容阅读
[目的]研究人群腹泻病的发病率和流行特征,了解当前腹泻病例的就诊率及就诊机构,为制定相关卫生政策提供参考依据。[方法]采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,共抽取10个社区/村,分别于4个季节进行腹泻发病及就诊情况的入户调查。[结果]共调查22540人次,2周腹泻发病率为1.069%;城市、农村的2周腹泻发病率,分别是0.679%、1.407%,农村腹泻病发病率高于城市(95%CI:0.935～1.203);年龄﹤10岁组者的2周、1个月、3个月的腹泻发病率均最高,分别是1.53%,2.60%,4.70%,其次是40～岁年龄组;职业以学龄前儿童最高,2周、1个月、3个月发病率分别为2.01%、3.61%和6.57%,与其他职业相比差异有统计学意义;城市和农村腹泻病人就诊率分别是42.13%和82.25%,就诊率在城市和农村之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=94.209,P﹤0.05);城乡人群中腹泻就病例就医模式不同:城区以在二级综合/儿童医院就诊比例最高(61.33%),农村以到个体诊所就诊的比例最高(93.90%)。[结论]该地区人群腹泻病发病率仍属较高水平,防治工作重点应为年龄在0～10岁和40～50岁之间;就诊模式城市农村不同。建议政府应该继续加强改进预防控制腹泻病的政策措施,降低发病率;同时应合理医疗卫生资源配置,更好适应群众健康需求。
[Objective] To study the incidence and epidemic characteristics of diarrheal diseases in population, understand the visiting rate and visiting organization of the current diarrhea cases, and provide reference for formulating relevant health policies. [Methods] A total of 10 communities / villages were sampled by multi-stage random cluster sampling method, and the incidence of diarrhea and the investigation of their visiting were investigated in 4 seasons. [Results] 22,540 people were investigated 2 weeks 1.069% incidence of diarrhea; urban, rural incidence of diarrhea two weeks is 0.679%, 1.407%, respectively, in rural areas than in urban diarrheal disease incidence (95% CI: 0.935 ~ 1.203). The incidence rates of diarrhea were the highest at 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months at age <10 years old, which were 1.53%, 2.60% and 4.70% respectively, followed by 40 ~ The morbidity rates of children with the highest, 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months were 2.01%, 3.61% and 6.57% respectively, which were statistically significant compared with other occupations; the visiting rates of urban and rural diarrhea patients were 42.13% and 82.25% % attendance rate between urban and rural areas have statistically significant difference (χ2 = 94.209, P <0.05); diarrhea cases on different urban and rural populations medical model: the city with the highest proportion in the secondary comprehensive treatment / children’s hospital (61.33% ), The highest proportion of rural clinics to individual clinics (93.90%). [Conclusion] The incidence of diarrheal diseases in the population in this area is still at a high level. The focus of prevention and treatment should be between 0 to 10 years old and 40 to 50 years old. The treatment modes are different in urban rural areas. It is suggested that the government should continue to strengthen its policies and measures to prevent and control diarrheal diseases and reduce the incidence. At the same time, the government should allocate resources appropriately to better meet the health needs of the masses.