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土体的渗透性,同强度和变形特性一起,是土力学中几个主要力学性质,岩土工程的各个领域都与土的渗透性密切相关。影响饱和粘性土渗透性的因素是很复杂的,主要有粘粒含量,矿物成分,溶液性质,孔隙大小、形状、连通性。由于以下原因使饱和粘性土的渗流规律出现偏离达西定律的现象:①粘粒表面结合水的异常性质;②渗透水流的机械作用;③实验误差。在建立渗透模型时,由于无法考虑所有影响因素,故不可避免地要采用一些假设。本文针对以往研究中存在的问题,结合实测资料,将土体中的孔隙和孔隙水这两个重要影响因素当作一个有机联系的整体,根据土体中孔隙、孔隙水的类型、作用及其相互关系,合理地解释了不同压密状态土体的渗透规律,指出了对饱和粘性土体渗透性研究的发展方向。
Soil permeability, strength and deformation characteristics are some of the major mechanical properties of soil mechanics. Geotechnical engineering is closely related to the permeability of soil. The factors influencing the permeability of saturated clay are very complex, mainly including clay content, mineral composition, solution properties, pore size, shape and connectivity. Due to the following reasons, the law of seepage of saturated clays deviates from Darcy’s law: 1) The anomalous properties of bound water on the surface of clays; 2) The mechanical action of permeating water flows; 3) Experimental errors. When establishing a penetration model, it is inevitable to adopt some assumptions because all factors cannot be considered. Based on the problems existing in previous studies and combined with measured data, this paper considers the two important influencing factors of pores and pore water as an organically integrated whole, based on the types and effects of pores and pore water in the soil. The interrelationships reasonably explained the infiltration laws of different compacted soils and pointed out the development direction of the research on the permeability of saturated clayey soils.